Apart from the command, officers and kit (which is not a small factor of the equation).
Israel is a world apart from arab armies in "grunt" performance under fire, because the different culture, education, way of thinking and seeing life of average soldier. They can handle better the stress, be ready to take leadership/follower roles , to take initiative, and to be creative and innovative. They are a product of a society. Certain things come to them as a second nature, they dont need to learn how to do it because they have been living that way since the day they were born. Freedom, Liberty of choice, balancing pros and cons, decission making, Teamwork, Team sports, etc...
On the other hand, if you come from a very rigid/tribal/teologic society, in which innovation, initiative, raising to take a leadership roles, is not only seen as a bad thing but is actively discouraged or even punished. Then you have an absolute different response of the individuals when it comes to handle combat stress and to keep unit cohesion, when unit leader gets WIA/KIA, or to get quick out of the blue solutions to live or dead situations.
If you never had to decide, if you were always directed, if you never experienced failure because poor decisión making, etc... you feel lost the moment you dont have an officer 3m away telling you what to do.
This gap wasnt that wide in a shieldwall with your command relatively safe behind your line, seeing your performance, being able to react to battle Flow, to correct redirect you from a hundred meters away. Individual mental capacities of the average grunt, leadership capabilities, etc... where not such a big advantage to brute forcé and numbers.
But today…. you cant have a general in every foxhole to make sure that average "Abdul" is doing what it should and to correct the flaws inherent to the way he was raised. War today is a very different story from what it used to be in the medieval era.
Just some thoughts I had while reading your latest posts guys.
Sorry for the OT