October 12-16, 1943. British Soldiers of the 8th Battalion, Royal Fusiliers, advance through the mud in the Volturno Italy area.
- IWM - Lambert, Ronald Pinckney Photographer, © IWM NA 7876.
To set up the Gustav line, the German military command decided to create a further barrier south of Cassino, to allow the work teams to complete the fortifications. In an attempt to delay the advance of the Allies, Kesselring organized a resistance along the Volturno river trying to take advantage of the bad weather conditions.
The Volturno is a real natural obstacle that lends itself excellently to a line of defence, since the long rains create periods of flood and make the surrounding land impassable.
The Volturno became the decisive point for the realization of the German plan for strategic reasons, since along this line the Germans controlled the coasts of the Tyrrhenian Sea, near the mouth of the river, creating a barrier towards the Adriatic, where the Apenninesprevented contact with English troops advancing north. To block the advance of the Anglo-Americans until mid-October, Kesselring defended the Volturno line by controlling the front in three sectors.