On the night of August 1, 1936, a single Ju 87A-0 (the 4th prototype built) was secretly loaded onto a German passengers ship which was leaving Hamburg on it's way to the Spanish port of Cadiz were it arrived 5 days later. For security reasons it was given the serial number 29-1 and assigned to VJ/88, the experimental ‘Staffel’ of Legion Condor - the Luftwaffe’s expeditionary force sent by Hitler to assist Franco’s forces during the Spanish Civil War. So secret was this lonely ‘Stuka’ that very little is known of his war service.
During 1937 it returned to Germany, and later, in January 1938, three Ju 87A-1s arrived in Vitoria, Spain, where they were given the serial numbers 29-2 to 4, and incorporated into the Legion Condor’s fighter wing (5.J/88).
These three Ju 87 ‘Antons’ formed a ‘Kette’ (unit of 3) and became known as ‘Jolanthe Kette’, using as a unit’s emblem a small piglet named after a cartoon of the period. These 3 A-1s were extensively tested in combat until October 1938, when they too were sent back to Germany, being replaced by the new B-1s.
During their time in Spain, the 'Antons' were used not only to form an experienced cadre of pilots, mechanics and ground crews, but also to find design flaws and improve operational tactics. Everything culminated in the spectacular successes of 1939/40, except on one thing: In Spain the 'Stuka' was not tested against a determined, well coordinated enemy fighter force. An oversight the Stuka crews would pay for dearly during the Battle of Britain.
This particular aircraft, 29-5, was a replacement for 29-4, which had been damaged by anti-aircraft fire and returned to Germany for repairs. It would be the last of the ‘Antons’ to see operational combat. Photo taken probably at La Cenia airfield, from where the Legion operated after April 21, 1938.
Original: TJ's collection
(Colorised by Rui Candeias)