U.S. 17th Airborne Paratroopers, their hair cut in Mohawk-style, are briefed for the next day's jump across the Rhine, Arras France, March 23, 1945.
The soldier in the right front has a German pistol holster on his belt, likely captured in Belgium.
Operation Varsity, the jump across the Rhine to support Montgomery's river crossing, included one British - the 6th plus Canadians - and one American airborne divisions - the 17th. the 6th had jumped into Normandy; the 17th had not made a combat jump but had fought very well as infantry during the Ardennes (Bulge) campaign.
The jump and the following glider assault took place in daylight (because of the misdrop of almost all units at Normandy), and landed on top of German units. It was successful, but suffered extremely high casualties.
With the success of Operation Varsity, the northern route into the industrial heart of Germany was now wide open.
The cost, however, had been high. The 6th Airborne had suffered 590 killed and another 710 wounded or missing. Several hundred of the missing later turned up to rejoin their units, however. The 17th Airborne had 430 killed, with 834 wounded and 81 missing.
Casualties among the glider pilots and the troop plane pilots and crews included 91 killed, 280 wounded and 414 missing in action. Eighty planes were shot down, and only 172 of the 1,305 gliders that landed in Germany were later deemed salvageable.
A total of 1,111 Allied soldiers had been killed during the day’s fighting. In comparison, the 101st Airborne Division had lost 182 killed and the 82nd Airborne 158 on D-Day. Operation Varsity, March 24, 1945, was the worst single day for Allied airborne troops.