Photos Navies Of All Nations
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Australia:
Hobart-class HMAS Brisbane (DDG 41). 27th April 2019
HMAS Rankin conducts helicopter transfers in Cockburn Sound, Western Australia, as part of Rankin's training assessments to ensure the boat is ready to deploy. 12 Feb 2021
Hobart-class HMAS Brisbane (DDG 41). 27th April 2019
HMAS Rankin conducts helicopter transfers in Cockburn Sound, Western Australia, as part of Rankin's training assessments to ensure the boat is ready to deploy. 12 Feb 2021
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RN:
HMS Sappho, four gun sloop, Hobart, Tasmania c. 1875
Blake-class protected cruiser HMS Blake visiting the United States in the 1890s. Protection was provided by a full-length armoured deck with no side armour.
HMS Blake spent three years on the North American and West Indies Squadron, and in 1893 took part in the Columbian Naval Review in New York as part of the World's Fair.
HMS Sappho, four gun sloop, Hobart, Tasmania c. 1875
Blake-class protected cruiser HMS Blake visiting the United States in the 1890s. Protection was provided by a full-length armoured deck with no side armour.
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USN:
Light aircraft carrier USS Langley (CVL-27) rolling heavily during Typhoon Cobra, December 1944
The storm sank three destroyers, killed 790 sailors, damaged nine other warships and swept dozens of aircraft overboard off their aircraft carriers. Halsey steered directly into the storm causing more damage then the Japanese had done to the fleet year to date.
Light aircraft carrier USS Langley (CVL-27) rolling heavily during Typhoon Cobra, December 1944
The storm sank three destroyers, killed 790 sailors, damaged nine other warships and swept dozens of aircraft overboard off their aircraft carriers. Halsey steered directly into the storm causing more damage then the Japanese had done to the fleet year to date.
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Imperial Japan:
Kaga. Painting by Takeshi Yuki
This painting shows Kaga in her pre-modernization guise. Note the three levels of flight decks. Kaga had two levels of hangars & the aircraft could fly right out of them. At this time Kaga was flush decked and had a massive funnel that ran down 50% of her hull. When she was modernized (1934-35) her lower two increasingly useless flight decks were enclosed, allowing for larger aircraft hangars. The funnel was reworked and a small island (about the size of one on a US Navy light carrier) was added. The aircraft featured prominently in the foreground are Nakajima A2N fighters- a mainstay of Japan's early-mid 1930's naval aviation.
Kaga. Painting by Takeshi Yuki
This painting shows Kaga in her pre-modernization guise. Note the three levels of flight decks. Kaga had two levels of hangars & the aircraft could fly right out of them. At this time Kaga was flush decked and had a massive funnel that ran down 50% of her hull. When she was modernized (1934-35) her lower two increasingly useless flight decks were enclosed, allowing for larger aircraft hangars. The funnel was reworked and a small island (about the size of one on a US Navy light carrier) was added. The aircraft featured prominently in the foreground are Nakajima A2N fighters- a mainstay of Japan's early-mid 1930's naval aviation.
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USN:
At 07:00, Commander Ernest E. Evans of the destroyer Johnston, in response to incoming shell fire bracketing carriers of the group he was escorting, began laying down a protective smokescreen and zigzagging. At about 07:10, Gunnery Officer Robert Hagen began firing at the closest attackers, then at a range of 8.9 nautical miles (10 mi; 16 km) and registered several hits on the leading heavy cruisers. The Japanese targeted Johnston and soon shell splashes were bracketing the ship. In response and without consulting with his commanders, Evans ordered Johnston to "flank speed, full left rudder", beginning an action that would earn him the Medal of Honor. Johnston, still making smoke and zigzagging, accelerated to flank speed towards the Japanese.
At 07:15, Hagen concentrated his fire on the leading cruiser squadron's flagship, the heavy cruiser Kumano. Firing at the 5 in (127 mm) gun's maximum range of 10 nmi (12 mi; 19 km) Johnston scored several hits on Kumano's superstructure, which erupted into flame and smoke.
At 07:16, Sprague ordered Commander William Dow Thomas aboard Hoel, in charge of the small destroyer screen, to attack. Struggling to form an attack formation, the three small ships (Hoel, Heermann, Samuel B. Roberts) began their long sprint to get into firing position for their torpedoes.
Johnston pressed its attack, firing more than two hundred shells as it followed an evasive course through moderate swells, making it a difficult target. Johnston closed to within maximum torpedo range, and at 4.4 nautical miles (5.1 mi; 8.2 km) she fired a full salvo of ten torpedoes. At 07:24, two or three struck, blowing the bow off Kumano. Minutes later, at 07:33, Kongō was narrowly missed by four torpedoes. (Morison asserts Kongō was forced to turn away north to avoid these torpedoes but this is not reflected in Kongō's own action report. It is not clear if these torpedoes were fired by Johnston or Hoel.) The heavy cruiser Suzuya, suffering damage from air attacks, was also taken out of the fight, as she stopped to assist Kumano. The effect of Johnston's attack was to generate confusion in the minds of the Japanese commanders, who thought they were being engaged by American cruisers. Evans then reversed course and, under cover of his smokescreen, opened the range between his ship and the enemy.
At 07:30, three battleship main battery shells passed through the deck of Johnston and into her portside engine room, cutting the destroyer's speed in half to 17 kn (20 mph; 31 km/h) and disrupting electric power to her aft gun mounts. Hagen reports them as 14 in (360 mm) shells from the battleship Kongō, at a range of 7 nmi (8.1 mi; 13 km), but that is unlikely as Kongō was on the far side of the Japanese formation and Kongō's action report states she was not engaging any targets at that time as she was blinded by a rain squall. Based on the bearing and the angle of fall, it is far more likely that they were 18.1 in (460 mm) shells fired by Yamato from a range of 10.029 nautical miles (11.541 mi; 18.574 km), as moments later, three 6.1 in (150 mm) shells from Yamato struck Johnston's bridge, causing numerous casualties and severing the fingers of Commander Evans's left hand. The ship was mangled badly, with dead and dying sailors strewn across her bloody decks. Yamato reported sinking a "cruiser" (the Japanese consistently overestimated the size of the US ships engaged) with a main battery salvo at 07:27. Destroyer Kishinami, which was also firing at Johnston at the time, reported "The Yamato sank one enemy cruiser" at 07:28.
However, Johnston was not sunk. Her stores of fuel had been seriously depleted before the battle, saving her from a catastrophic explosion. The ship found sanctuary in rain squalls, where the crew had time to repair damage, restoring power to two of the three aft gun mounts. Johnston's search radar was destroyed, toppled to the deck in a tangled mess. The fire control radar was damaged, but was quickly returned to service. Only a few minutes were required to bring Johnston's main battery and radar online, and from its hidden position in the rain, Johnston fired several dozen rounds at the lead Japanese destroyer at 4.9 nautical miles (5.7 mi; 9.1 km) beginning at approximately 07:35. Fire was then shifted to the cruisers approaching from the east. Several dozen more rounds were fired at the closest target at 5.4 nautical miles (6.3 mi; 10 km). Since neither of the targets could be observed visually, they could not be positively identified but Johnston's presumed "cruiser" was most likely the battleship Haruna.
At 07:37, Commodore Thomas ordered a torpedo attack via voice radio. Johnston and Heermann acknowledged. As Johnston continued its course away from the Japanese, it came upon the charging screening force, led by the damaged Hoel. Evans then had Johnston rejoin the attack to provide gun support to Commander Thomas' small squadron on their torpedo run. Attacking Tone, the leading heavy cruiser to the east of the formation, Johnston closed to 6,000 yards (3.0 nmi; 5.5 km), now firing with reduced efficiency due to her lost SC radar, yet still registering many hits.
All available fighters and bombers from the Taffys converged on the Japanese fleet. At 08:40, moving erratically through the smoke and rain, Johnston avoided Heermann by the narrowest of margins.
During the battle, Evans engaged in several duels with much larger Japanese opponents. At 08:20, emerging through smoke and rain squalls, Johnston was confronted by a 36,600-ton Kongō-class battleship (probably Haruna, which reported engaging a US destroyer with her secondary battery around this time.) Johnston fired at least 40 rounds, and more than 15 hits on the battleship's superstructure were observed. Johnston reversed course and disappeared in the smoke, avoiding Kongō's 14 in (36 cm) return fire. At 08:26 and again at 08:34, Commander Thomas requested an attack on the heavy cruisers to the east of the carriers. Responding at 08:30, Johnston bore down on a huge cruiser firing at the helpless Gambier Bay, then closed to 6,000 yards (3.0 nmi; 5.5 km) and fired for ten minutes at a heavier and better-armed opponent, possibly Haguro, scoring numerous hits.
At 08:40, a much more pressing target appeared astern. A formation of seven Japanese destroyers in two columns was closing in to attack the carriers. Reversing course to intercept, Evans attempted to pass in front of the formation, crossing the "T", a classical naval manoeuvre which would have put the force being "crossed" at a great disadvantage. Evans ordered Johnston's guns to fire on this new threat. The Japanese destroyers returned fire, striking Johnston several times. Perhaps seeing his disadvantage, the commander of the lead destroyer turned away to the west. From as close as 7,000 yards (3.5 nmi; 6.4 km), Hagen fired and scored a dozen hits on the destroyer leader before it veered off. He shifted fire to the next destroyer in line, scoring five hits before it too turned away. Amazingly, the entire squadron turned west to avoid Johnston's fire. At 09:20, these destroyers finally managed to fire their torpedoes from extreme range, 5.2 nautical miles (6.0 mi; 9.6 km). Several torpedoes were detonated by strafing aircraft or defensive fire from the carriers, and the rest failed to strike a target.
The Japanese and the American ships were now intertwined in a confused jumble. The heavy smoke had made the visibility so poor by 08:40 Johnston nearly collided with Heerman while it crossed the formation to engage the Japanese Destroyers, forcing Samuel B. Roberts to evade them both. Gambier Bay and Hoel were sinking. Finding targets was not difficult. After 09:00, with Hoel and Samuel B. Roberts out of the fight, the crippled Johnston was an easy target. Fighting with all she had, she exchanged fire with four cruisers and numerous destroyers.
Johnston continued to take hits from the Japanese, which knocked out the number one gun mount, killing many men. By 09:20, forced from the bridge by exploding ammunition, Evans was commanding the ship from the stern by shouting orders down to men manually operating the rudder. Shell fire knocked out the remaining engine, leaving Johnston dead in the water at 09:40. As her attackers gathered around the vulnerable ship, they concentrated fire on her rather than the fleeing carriers. Johnston was hit so many times that one survivor recalled "they couldn't patch holes fast enough to keep her afloat."
At 09:45, Evans finally gave the order to abandon ship. Johnston sank 25 minutes later with 186 of her crew. Evans abandoned ship with his crew but was never seen again. He was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor. However, it was the Japanese themselves who first recognized Johnston's incredible actions that day. As the Japanese destroyer Yukikaze cruised slowly nearby, Robert Billie and several other crewmen watched as her captain saluted the sinking Johnston.
At 07:00, Commander Ernest E. Evans of the destroyer Johnston, in response to incoming shell fire bracketing carriers of the group he was escorting, began laying down a protective smokescreen and zigzagging. At about 07:10, Gunnery Officer Robert Hagen began firing at the closest attackers, then at a range of 8.9 nautical miles (10 mi; 16 km) and registered several hits on the leading heavy cruisers. The Japanese targeted Johnston and soon shell splashes were bracketing the ship. In response and without consulting with his commanders, Evans ordered Johnston to "flank speed, full left rudder", beginning an action that would earn him the Medal of Honor. Johnston, still making smoke and zigzagging, accelerated to flank speed towards the Japanese.
At 07:15, Hagen concentrated his fire on the leading cruiser squadron's flagship, the heavy cruiser Kumano. Firing at the 5 in (127 mm) gun's maximum range of 10 nmi (12 mi; 19 km) Johnston scored several hits on Kumano's superstructure, which erupted into flame and smoke.
At 07:16, Sprague ordered Commander William Dow Thomas aboard Hoel, in charge of the small destroyer screen, to attack. Struggling to form an attack formation, the three small ships (Hoel, Heermann, Samuel B. Roberts) began their long sprint to get into firing position for their torpedoes.
Johnston pressed its attack, firing more than two hundred shells as it followed an evasive course through moderate swells, making it a difficult target. Johnston closed to within maximum torpedo range, and at 4.4 nautical miles (5.1 mi; 8.2 km) she fired a full salvo of ten torpedoes. At 07:24, two or three struck, blowing the bow off Kumano. Minutes later, at 07:33, Kongō was narrowly missed by four torpedoes. (Morison asserts Kongō was forced to turn away north to avoid these torpedoes but this is not reflected in Kongō's own action report. It is not clear if these torpedoes were fired by Johnston or Hoel.) The heavy cruiser Suzuya, suffering damage from air attacks, was also taken out of the fight, as she stopped to assist Kumano. The effect of Johnston's attack was to generate confusion in the minds of the Japanese commanders, who thought they were being engaged by American cruisers. Evans then reversed course and, under cover of his smokescreen, opened the range between his ship and the enemy.
At 07:30, three battleship main battery shells passed through the deck of Johnston and into her portside engine room, cutting the destroyer's speed in half to 17 kn (20 mph; 31 km/h) and disrupting electric power to her aft gun mounts. Hagen reports them as 14 in (360 mm) shells from the battleship Kongō, at a range of 7 nmi (8.1 mi; 13 km), but that is unlikely as Kongō was on the far side of the Japanese formation and Kongō's action report states she was not engaging any targets at that time as she was blinded by a rain squall. Based on the bearing and the angle of fall, it is far more likely that they were 18.1 in (460 mm) shells fired by Yamato from a range of 10.029 nautical miles (11.541 mi; 18.574 km), as moments later, three 6.1 in (150 mm) shells from Yamato struck Johnston's bridge, causing numerous casualties and severing the fingers of Commander Evans's left hand. The ship was mangled badly, with dead and dying sailors strewn across her bloody decks. Yamato reported sinking a "cruiser" (the Japanese consistently overestimated the size of the US ships engaged) with a main battery salvo at 07:27. Destroyer Kishinami, which was also firing at Johnston at the time, reported "The Yamato sank one enemy cruiser" at 07:28.
However, Johnston was not sunk. Her stores of fuel had been seriously depleted before the battle, saving her from a catastrophic explosion. The ship found sanctuary in rain squalls, where the crew had time to repair damage, restoring power to two of the three aft gun mounts. Johnston's search radar was destroyed, toppled to the deck in a tangled mess. The fire control radar was damaged, but was quickly returned to service. Only a few minutes were required to bring Johnston's main battery and radar online, and from its hidden position in the rain, Johnston fired several dozen rounds at the lead Japanese destroyer at 4.9 nautical miles (5.7 mi; 9.1 km) beginning at approximately 07:35. Fire was then shifted to the cruisers approaching from the east. Several dozen more rounds were fired at the closest target at 5.4 nautical miles (6.3 mi; 10 km). Since neither of the targets could be observed visually, they could not be positively identified but Johnston's presumed "cruiser" was most likely the battleship Haruna.
At 07:37, Commodore Thomas ordered a torpedo attack via voice radio. Johnston and Heermann acknowledged. As Johnston continued its course away from the Japanese, it came upon the charging screening force, led by the damaged Hoel. Evans then had Johnston rejoin the attack to provide gun support to Commander Thomas' small squadron on their torpedo run. Attacking Tone, the leading heavy cruiser to the east of the formation, Johnston closed to 6,000 yards (3.0 nmi; 5.5 km), now firing with reduced efficiency due to her lost SC radar, yet still registering many hits.
All available fighters and bombers from the Taffys converged on the Japanese fleet. At 08:40, moving erratically through the smoke and rain, Johnston avoided Heermann by the narrowest of margins.
During the battle, Evans engaged in several duels with much larger Japanese opponents. At 08:20, emerging through smoke and rain squalls, Johnston was confronted by a 36,600-ton Kongō-class battleship (probably Haruna, which reported engaging a US destroyer with her secondary battery around this time.) Johnston fired at least 40 rounds, and more than 15 hits on the battleship's superstructure were observed. Johnston reversed course and disappeared in the smoke, avoiding Kongō's 14 in (36 cm) return fire. At 08:26 and again at 08:34, Commander Thomas requested an attack on the heavy cruisers to the east of the carriers. Responding at 08:30, Johnston bore down on a huge cruiser firing at the helpless Gambier Bay, then closed to 6,000 yards (3.0 nmi; 5.5 km) and fired for ten minutes at a heavier and better-armed opponent, possibly Haguro, scoring numerous hits.
At 08:40, a much more pressing target appeared astern. A formation of seven Japanese destroyers in two columns was closing in to attack the carriers. Reversing course to intercept, Evans attempted to pass in front of the formation, crossing the "T", a classical naval manoeuvre which would have put the force being "crossed" at a great disadvantage. Evans ordered Johnston's guns to fire on this new threat. The Japanese destroyers returned fire, striking Johnston several times. Perhaps seeing his disadvantage, the commander of the lead destroyer turned away to the west. From as close as 7,000 yards (3.5 nmi; 6.4 km), Hagen fired and scored a dozen hits on the destroyer leader before it veered off. He shifted fire to the next destroyer in line, scoring five hits before it too turned away. Amazingly, the entire squadron turned west to avoid Johnston's fire. At 09:20, these destroyers finally managed to fire their torpedoes from extreme range, 5.2 nautical miles (6.0 mi; 9.6 km). Several torpedoes were detonated by strafing aircraft or defensive fire from the carriers, and the rest failed to strike a target.
The Japanese and the American ships were now intertwined in a confused jumble. The heavy smoke had made the visibility so poor by 08:40 Johnston nearly collided with Heerman while it crossed the formation to engage the Japanese Destroyers, forcing Samuel B. Roberts to evade them both. Gambier Bay and Hoel were sinking. Finding targets was not difficult. After 09:00, with Hoel and Samuel B. Roberts out of the fight, the crippled Johnston was an easy target. Fighting with all she had, she exchanged fire with four cruisers and numerous destroyers.
Johnston continued to take hits from the Japanese, which knocked out the number one gun mount, killing many men. By 09:20, forced from the bridge by exploding ammunition, Evans was commanding the ship from the stern by shouting orders down to men manually operating the rudder. Shell fire knocked out the remaining engine, leaving Johnston dead in the water at 09:40. As her attackers gathered around the vulnerable ship, they concentrated fire on her rather than the fleeing carriers. Johnston was hit so many times that one survivor recalled "they couldn't patch holes fast enough to keep her afloat."
At 09:45, Evans finally gave the order to abandon ship. Johnston sank 25 minutes later with 186 of her crew. Evans abandoned ship with his crew but was never seen again. He was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor. However, it was the Japanese themselves who first recognized Johnston's incredible actions that day. As the Japanese destroyer Yukikaze cruised slowly nearby, Robert Billie and several other crewmen watched as her captain saluted the sinking Johnston.
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Norway & RN:
HNoMS Thor Heyerdahl waving goodbye to HMS LANCASTER after days of valuable training in the North. 26 March 2021
HNoMS Thor Heyerdahl waving goodbye to HMS LANCASTER after days of valuable training in the North. 26 March 2021
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USSR:
Project 1909 Kosmonavt Yuriy Gagarin was a Soviet space control-monitoring ship that was devoted to detecting and receiving satellite communications, and support the Soviet space program in a time of war in space. The ship also conducted upper atmosphere and outer space research
SSV-33 Ural command and control ship operated by the Soviet Navy. SSV-33's hull was derived from that of the nuclear powered Kirov-class battlecruisers.
Famously too long for any available Soviet home port pier in the Pacific and thus was reduced to being a floating barracks. Apparently never went to sea.
Slava-class (Project 1164 Atlant) guided missile cruiser Moskva, flagship of the Black Sea Fleet.
Project 1909 Kosmonavt Yuriy Gagarin was a Soviet space control-monitoring ship that was devoted to detecting and receiving satellite communications, and support the Soviet space program in a time of war in space. The ship also conducted upper atmosphere and outer space research
SSV-33 Ural command and control ship operated by the Soviet Navy. SSV-33's hull was derived from that of the nuclear powered Kirov-class battlecruisers.
Famously too long for any available Soviet home port pier in the Pacific and thus was reduced to being a floating barracks. Apparently never went to sea.
Slava-class (Project 1164 Atlant) guided missile cruiser Moskva, flagship of the Black Sea Fleet.
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RN:
HMS Cumberland, a County class heavy cruiser, in 1936. Visible is the cut-down quarterdeck and the newly fitted aircraft hangar
Turret crew of a 15" gun takes part in a photo session as HMS King George V gets herself prepared for the 4-day visit of HM George VI. March 1943, Scapa Flow.
Monitor HMS Roberts at Malta, with her twin 15-inch guns
Light cruiser HMS Dido alongside in Copenhagen after the end of the war in Europe, 9 May 1945
HMS Cumberland, a County class heavy cruiser, in 1936. Visible is the cut-down quarterdeck and the newly fitted aircraft hangar
Turret crew of a 15" gun takes part in a photo session as HMS King George V gets herself prepared for the 4-day visit of HM George VI. March 1943, Scapa Flow.
Monitor HMS Roberts at Malta, with her twin 15-inch guns
Light cruiser HMS Dido alongside in Copenhagen after the end of the war in Europe, 9 May 1945
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RN:
A port beam view of County class destroyer HMS ANTRIM (D 18) underway during NATO exercise DISPLAY DETERMINATION, 10/29/1976
HMS Ark Royal (R09) laid up in the Hamoaze, c. 1980
A Harrier takes off from aircraft carrier HMS Invincible (R05)
A port beam view of County class destroyer HMS ANTRIM (D 18) underway during NATO exercise DISPLAY DETERMINATION, 10/29/1976
HMS Ark Royal (R09) laid up in the Hamoaze, c. 1980
A Harrier takes off from aircraft carrier HMS Invincible (R05)
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USN:
Norfolk Naval Shipyard, 20 January 20 1950. Uncompleted battleship Kentucky (BB-66) is floated out of the dry dock to clear working space. She will be dismantled by 1959.
Her bow was used to repair Wisconsin after a collision and her boilers and main engines were used for the first two Sacramento class AOEs.
USS Worcester testing her anti-nuclear washdown system, 7 July 1954.
USS Hancock (CVA-19) in San Francisco Bay, California (USA), in September 1957. Her crew is spelling out "Our Town" on her flight deck
Norfolk Naval Shipyard, 20 January 20 1950. Uncompleted battleship Kentucky (BB-66) is floated out of the dry dock to clear working space. She will be dismantled by 1959.
Her bow was used to repair Wisconsin after a collision and her boilers and main engines were used for the first two Sacramento class AOEs.
USS Worcester testing her anti-nuclear washdown system, 7 July 1954.
USS Hancock (CVA-19) in San Francisco Bay, California (USA), in September 1957. Her crew is spelling out "Our Town" on her flight deck
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