Italy:
The tanker SS
Gold Heels, formerly
Brennero of the Regia Marina, and later to become USS Carondelet (IX-136); the bulge on her hull shows her experimental Pugliese torpedo defense system for which she served as testbed as built.
Umberto Pugliese was a naval engineer who rose to become Lieutenant General of the
Genio Navale (engineering branch corps) of the Regia Marina. Other than contributing to the design of several Italian warships, he is most notable for the unique torpedo defense syste, he designed; about which, a read of
this excellent article, courtesy of
/u/Phoenix_jz is strongly recommended.
The system was first tested, albeit in a shape somewhat different than that adopted later on for the
Littorio-class battleships (lone warships to adopt them as designed), on the tanker
Brennero, commissioned by the Regia Marina in 1921. The test undertaken on this vessel proved satisfactory, and validated the theory behind the concept; it should be added that General Pugliese donated his patent to Italy and refused to profit from it, out of a sense of duty.
The
Brennero would be surprised, when Italy joined WWII, far from the homeland, and was seized by the United States in 1941; at first she was put under the Panamese flag, as S.S.
Gold Heels, then in 1944 she was commissioned in the United States Navy as USS
Carondelet (IX-136). She was scrapped in 1954.