Italy:
Submarine
Antonio Sciesa at Capetown, 8 December 1933
The
Balilla-class submarine
Antonio Sciesa sailed on 14 September 1933 from La Spezia, together with the sister ship
Enrico Toti, for a circumnavigation of Africa, to try out these boats in tropical waters, fly the flag and, also, get some information on French bases such as Diego Suarez.
Damage to the aft section of submarine
Galileo Ferraris, suffered during the cruise between Massawa (Italian East Africa) and Bordeaux (German-occupied France), 9 May 1941
In February 1941 the four surviving Italian submarines in the Red Sea were prepared to set sail from Italian East Africa (whose Red Sea ports were threatened by the British and Commonwealth advances), towards Bordeaux, base on the Atlantic Oceans for the Italian submarines operating in that theater.
The
Galileo Ferraris, an
Archimede-class submarine, departed Massawa on 3 March, under the command of Tenente di Vascello Livio Piomarta; by the end of the month, it had to deal with a violent storm, likely the cause of the damages visible in the picture.
In the evening of 10 April, the boat was spotted by the British submarine HMS
Severn, as the operation had been discovered by ULTRA and therefore the British had organized Operation Grab, to intercept the Italian submarines and the German ships meant to refuel them. Although the
Severn fired a total of four torpedoes at the Italian submarine, the
Ferraris sailed on, not even noticing the attack. Between 16 and 17 April, the
Ferraris met with the German tanker
Nordmark as planned, to the northwest of Tristan da Cunha, and was duly refuelled.
The submarine finally reached the destination on 9 May 1941, after completing a 14'000 nm cruise in 68 days. Her captain was decorated with the
Medaglia d'Argento al Valor Militare for this deed.
Unfortunately, once repaired to be employed in the Atlantic Ocean, the
Galileo Ferraris would be sunk in her first Atlantic patrol, at 1223h of 25 October 1941, to the east of the Azores, by
HMS Lamerton.