USN:
Launching Day, USS America - by Geoff Hunt
The
USS America was the first ship-of-the-line built for the Continental Navy, even though before her launch she was ceded to France as a gift.
Authorized (with two others) by the Continental Congress in 1776, she was laid down in May 1777 in a shipyard on the Piscataqua River in Kittery, Maine. Progress was slow, because of lack of seasoned timber; in 1781 Captain John Paul Jones was assigned as her commanding officer and worked hard to launch and get her ready for sea.
However, on 3 September 1782 Congress decided to gift the ship to Louis XVI of France, as replacement of the ship-of-the-line
Magnifique (grounded while entering Boston harbour) and token of friendship and appreciation for French help in their struggle. Disappointed, Jones nevertheless managed to launch
America on 5 November of the same year. After fitting out, she sailed under her French captain on 24 June 1783 and reached Brest on 16 July 1783.
Armed with 18-pounders, and thus with a weaker broadside than contemporary French vessels, the
America's career would be nonetheless cut short by the inadequate timber used during her construction; in 1786 an examination found her damaged by dry rot beyond economical repair, and she was duly scrapped, replaced with a larger, French-built vessel of the same name.