USSR, USN:
In February 1988,
USS Caron operating with
USS Yorktown, entered Soviet territorial waters limit in the Black Sea off the Crimean Peninsula. Under international law, this act could be permissible if the ship was progressing from one point in international waters to another point in international waters via the shortest course possible, but according to the Soviet Union, it was the right of the USSR to authorise or prohibit travel in selected areas within the 12 mile limit. The United States however did not recognise the Soviet's claim in this case.
To prevent it from becoming accepted precedent, the US Navy claimed that it had sailed warships through such areas at regular intervals in the past, which we had, not just two years prior. On this occasion,
Caron had onboard a ships signal exploitation spaces system, operated by a crew of 18 in support of the U.S. National Security Agency. This system was capable of recording data on Soviet defence radars and communications.
In response, the Soviets deployed a destroyer and a Mirka II class light frigate as well as a KGB and "civilian" ships to intercept the U.S. ships. Several times, Soviet vessels obtained radar "lock" on the
Caron and
Yorktown. Both American ships maintained a constant course and speed throughout the incident.
Eventually, the Soviets lightly rammed both ships. No significant damage resulted to any of the ships involved. Both US warships sent an account of the incident to the Commander in Chief of United States Naval Forces in Europe. The
Caron reported at 13:20 local time, it was informed on channel 16 VHF by the
Bezzavetny: "Soviet ships have orders to prevent violation of territorial waters, extreme measure is to strike your ship with one of ours." The reply of the
Caron was "I am engaged in innocent passage consistent with international law." The
Yorktown, in its report stated that on 9:56, local time, it was contacted by the
Bezzavetny via channel 16 and told to leave Soviet territorial waters or "our ship is going to strike on yours."
Then, according to the report, the
Bezzavetny came alongside port side of the
Yorktown at 10:03 and bumped it by turning into the ship.
Soviet Mirka II class frigate FFL-824 shortly after ramming
USS Caron