Troops about to board U.S. Army Sikorsky H-19 Chickasaw helicopters to be transported by the 6th Transportation Company (Helicopter), Eighth Army, Korea. Late 1953
The H-19 in Medical Evacuation
The 6th and 13th Transportation Helicopter Companies both participated in medical evacuation with emergency missions in April 1953.
The 6th participated in Operation Little Switch, the evacuation of nearly 700 sick and wounded Allied prisoners of war.
This was followed by Operation Big Switch in August 1953, using the entire 13th Trans and most of the 6th Trans in a massive airlift operation. In a 33 day period , over 5,600 released POWs were flown to safety in 1,173 flights.
The H-19 Chickasaw served in Korea for only a few months before a cease fire was declared. They battled not only the weather, the terrain and the enemy, but also lack of spare parts and trained personnel. Members of the 6th and 13th Transportation Companies flew thousands of hours to the very end of the war.
Shortly after the cease fire, helicopters of both companies flew out to the aircraft carriers at Inchon in Operation Byway to pick up more than 5,000 Indian troops.
The crews flew the UN troops to the demilitarized zone and delivered them to their posts to watch over the cease fire agreement. This proved to be the largest movement of troops ever conducted by Army aviation.
The H-19 CHICKASAW HELICOPTER
The H-19, the Army's first true cargo helicopter, was developed in the late 1940s by Sikorsky as the S-55, and tested by the Air Force.
The Army began testing it against other helicopters in its inventory in 1951, and it proved to be more capable than the smaller two-seat H-13 Sioux and the H-23 Raven. In the fall of 1951, the Army placed an order for 72 H-19Cs, which was followed by an order for over 300 of the more powerful H-19Ds.
The Chickasaw traveled faster and farther, and held more cargo than the H-13. Unlike the H-13 which could only carry two litters, the H-19 held eight fully equipped troops or 4 to 6 litters with an onboard nurse. The H-19 could carry 1,350 lbs internally, or sling load 1,000 lbs. It had an all-metal pod and tail boom, and a two bladed anti-torque rotor.