USN:
Aircraft carrier USS Bon Homme Richard (CV-31) is launched at New York Navy Yard, 29 April 1944
Kamikaze aircraft diving on light cruiser USS Columbia on 6 January 1945
On 1 January 1945,
Columbia sailed for the landings in
Lingayen Gulf and on 6 January, as pre-invasion bombardments were getting underway, Japanese
kamikaze attacks began.
Columbia suffered a near miss by a
kamikaze and was then struck on her port quarter by a second. The plane and its bomb penetrated two decks before exploding, killing 13 (including 3 survivors of the
USS Ommaney Bay (CVE-79) who had been rescued two days earlier after their ship was sunk following a kamikaze attack) and wounding 44 men, putting her aft turrets out of action, and setting the ship afire. Prompt flooding of two magazines prevented further explosions, and impressive damage control measures enabled
Columbia to complete her bombardment with her two operative forward turrets, and remain in action to give close support to underwater demolition teams. Ammunition was removed from the after magazines to refill the forward magazines; much of this was done by hand. On the morning of the landings, 9 January, as
Columbia lay close inshore and so surrounded by landing craft that she was handicapped in manoeuvre, she was again struck by a
kamikaze, knocking out six gun directors and a gun mount. 24 men were killed and 97 wounded, but short-handed as she was,
Columbia again put out fires, repaired damage, and continued her bombardment and fire support.
Columbia sailed that night, guarding a group of unloaded transports. Her crew's accomplishments in saving their ship and carrying out their mission without interruption were recognized with the
Navy Unit Commendation for this operation.