There are currently 12 tank battalions in the Polish Army, equipped with 4 types of tanks: the newest Leopard 2A5 (2 battalions), Leopard 2A4 undergoing modernization to the Leopard 2PL version (2 battalions), PT-91 "Twardy" tanks, i.e. modernized by the Polish industry version of the T-72 (4 battalions) and the oldest T-72M1 tanks that have not been modernized so far, which the Ministry of National Defense intends to renovate and modernize to a limited extent (4 battalions). In addition, for the needs of the 19th Mechanized Brigade, it is planned to create another, thirteenth tank battalion equipped with the modified T-72M1.
In the coming years, the Polish Armed Forces are to have 797 tanks in total, including: 318 modified T-72M1 tanks.
T-72M1 were produced by the Polish Bumar-Łabędy plant in 1986-1991 PT-91 were produced in Gliwice in 1994-2002, partly as new tanks (93 tanks), but partly as a result of rebuilding the existing T-72 (140 tanks ).
Until recently, it was assumed that the T-72, and then also the PT-91, would be decommissioned after a new tank was developed in Poland. Work on the new tank took a long time and was finally discontinued.
The Polish defense industry has developed several versions of demonstrators for the modernization of the T-72M1 tanks. Unfortunately, none of them was chosen by the Ministry of Defense, which ultimately decided to commission only a renovation with a very limited modification. And so we come to the contract for the renovation and modification of up to 318 T-72 tanks in the years 2019-2025, signed on July 22, 2019. It provides that, apart from a thorough renovation, all vehicles will be modified in the scope of: passivation of sighting and observation-aiming devices, replacement of external and internal communication devices with digital ones, replacement of tracks and adding equipment to facilitate the functioning of the tank crew. It is highly probable that the modified T-72M1 will have to remain in service for a minimum of 15-20 years.
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