The Polish Air Force is undergoing a major metamorphosis. Equipment of post-Soviet production is disappearing from the line at an increasingly rapid pace, such as
MiG-29s , a large batch of which we transferred to fighting Ukraine, or the worn-out Su-22s, which are no longer suitable for the conditions of the modern battlefield. Their place is to be taken by, among others, multi-role
F-35 fighters .
In 2022, Defense Minister Mariusz Błaszczak signed a framework agreement for the purchase of South Korean
FA-50s . And this is where the problem begins.
It is not clear what tasks the machines were supposed to fulfill. The first 12 FA-50s, the GF (Gap Filler) version, are to fulfill training tasks.
Only the FA-50PL will be a "full-fledged" combat aircraft. The Polish side would like them to be able to carry, among others, AIM-120 AMRAAM air-to-air missiles.
However, as Chang Jae Lee, director of Korea Aerospace Industries' Central Europe office, said in a recent interview for WNP.PL, it depends on the Americans . And whether they, as a manufacturer, will agree to the possibility of integrating the machine with the missile. It won't be cheap, though...
There are also issues of different radars than in the GF version or the possibility of refueling in the air. The work on the "Polonized" machine will therefore be extensive. And consequently - expensive.
It is also worth noting that only Polonized machines will be able to carry, for example, AIM-9X Sidewinder missiles, which are in the equipment of the Polish Army. They cannot be carried by machines purchased so far GF.
The key question is: were the Armaments Agency and Mariusz Błaszczak, who decided to purchase it, aware of the problems with Polonization of the equipment and the delays that could result from it?
And there will be delays. This results from the response given to the portal by the Armed Forces Support Inspectorate (IW SZ), quoted by "Dziennik Zbrojny". The portal states that "the plan to deliver the first FA-50PL aircraft to Poland in 2025 is no longer valid".
This is crucial because, according to the provisions of the contract, delivery of the FA-50PL to us was to begin in 2025. And after three years we should have all 36 ordered machines.
The planes are to - mainly - relieve the F-16. According to what "Dziennik Zbrojny" reports, the Armed Forces IW SZ expects a "conversion squadron" to be created, the goal of which would be to reduce training flights on the F-16 (much of the equipment and the cockpit layout of both machines are similar). This would reduce the level of aircraft wear and tear and the need for expensive services or repairs.
IW SZ defines the Air Force needs for about 30 new pilots per year. And thanks to the M-346 Master machines we can train up to 10 of them per year. A separate issue is the "capacity" of the Air Force Academy in Dęblin, which is not infinite.
Poland is waiting for F-35 fighters, the military suggests that we should buy more squadrons - this time air superiority fighters. Perhaps, if we decide on F-15s, for example, the pilots will also have to be trained.
And what about the soldiers of the so-called SIL, or engineering-aviation service - those who will be really responsible for the efficiency of the machines? There are already problems with this. In the case of subsequent types of machines, they will increase.
There are other issues as well, such as maintaining the capabilities of the pilots on the planes we already have. And so we return to the heavily loaded F-16s.
For this reason, the purchase of the FA-50 could have been justified. But the balance of profits and losses is not favorable for Poland .
We could probably order more Master training and combat machines from the Italians, then there would be no need to implement a new system in the Armed Forces. But the minister - as people "close to the subject" say - had an urgent need to show that he cares not only about the Land Forces. And so, the Armed Forces received FA-50s.
It must be admitted that the Koreans delivered the first 12 aircraft to Poland at an express pace. From the signing of the first contract for the GF version aircraft to the completion of deliveries, about 1.5 years passed, which is a very good result for such a large contract.
During the International Defense Industry Exhibition, the spokesman for the Armament Agency, Lt. Col. Grzegorz Polak assured that the contract was being implemented. Will it be completed and will the full 36 new jets from South Korea arrive on the Vistula? Only time will tell.
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